Combined high and low pressure gas-lamp.



A. C. ROESSLER & W. A. ARMINGTON. COMBINED HIGH AND Low PRESSURE GASLAMP.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 5, 1911.

vPate111sedl Nov. 5, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventors:

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co..wASHlNOTON. D, c.

A. C. ROESSLER & W. A. ARMINGTON. COMBINED HIGH AND LoWPRBssURE GASLAMP. APPLIOATlON FILED JUNE 5,1911.

1,043,464. Patented. Nov. v5, 1912.

2 SBIBETSSHEIET 2.

Attest.-

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COLUMBIA PLANCIGRAPH C0.,wASH|NaTON. D. c.

iran srarns 'PATENT orme0 AMANDUS C. ROESSLER, OF MINEOLA, AND WILLIAMA. ARMINGTON, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO DELAWARE GAS LIGHT COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COMBINED HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE `GAS-LAMP.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, AMANDUs C. Ronssnnn, a subject of the King of(Jrreat Britain and Ireland, formerly of London, England, and now aresident of Mineola, Nassau county, and State of New York, and WIL- LIAMA. ARMINGTON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of theborough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Comb-ined High and LowPressure Gas-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

The lamp of the present invention is de` signed particularly for thosesystems wherein either gas vor air is fed to the burner at highpressure, andthe air and the gas are combined at the burner to providethe proper mixture.- Usually, in what is known as the pressure-gassystem, the air is fed to the burner under high pressure and the gas isfed to the burner under the comparatively low service pressure, the twobeing mixed at the burner in the proper proportions. A trouble withthese systems heretofore has been that if for any r-eason thecompressing plant should fail and the high pressure flow cease, the lampwould be rendered useless. This is so because the parts are arranged sothat a definite mixture of air and gas will be obtained when one of the`fluids is fed under high pressure a-nd as soon as the high pressure flowceases it then becomes i1npossible to secure the right proportions toprovide a proper mixture.

rlhe principal object of our invention is to overcome this objection andto provide a practical lamp which may be used as well either at high orat low pressure.

Accordingly our invention consists in feeding air and gas, one of thesebeing fed under high pressure, to the burner, in such proportions as toform a proper mixture, and in providing means for supplying air and gasto the burner in substantially the same proportions even when the highpressure flow ceases.

ln a preferred construction, the air is fed under high pressure, and thegas under or Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 5, 1911.

Patented Nev. 5, 1912.

Serial N0. 631,350.

dinary service pressure, the two being fed to the burner through certainpassages, and, in case of failure of the compressing plant or the highpressure liow ceases, the gas is directed through an independent passagewhich is of the proper size and is so ar ranged as to draw in thenecessary amount of air to produce a proper mixture.

Specifically the air and the gas passages are preferably arranged onconverging lines so that the two jets discharging into a suitable mixingchamber will unite and form a single stream, and the independent passageis preferably disposed between the converging passages and arranged soas to discharge centrally into the mixing chamber. By means of thiscentral disposition of the independent passage, the inilowing jet of gasmay be utilized to draw in the necessary amountof air. This air may betaken in through inlet ports in the mixing chamber, and a shutter orshutters may be provided for controlling these ports. A valve may beused for controlling the independent passage, and preferably connectionsare provided between this valve and the shutter or shutters whereby whenthe valve is turned to open flow through the independent passage, theshutter or shutters will be opened to admit the necessary amount of airto provide a proper mixture.

Other features of our invention consist of means for preheating themixture before it reaches the mantle of the burner; .means for warmingthe surrounding air before it comes in contact with the mantle, so asnot to chill the Haine; and means for keeping the burner adjacent to themixing chamber relatively cool.

Various other objects and features of the invention will appear as thespecification proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings we have illustrated several preferredembodiments of our invention but we would have it under stood thatvarious changes and modifications may be made therein without departingfrom the true scope and spirit of the in: vention.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lampembodying our invention, as designed for use in a pressure-gas svstem.Fig. 2 is a broken detail view of the Valve mechanism of the same. Fig.3 is a sectional view of a slightly modified form of the lamp shown inFig. 1. Fig. 4f is a sectional view illustrating' the adaptation of theinvention to a system wherein the gas, instead of the air, is the Huidwhich is fed under high pressure.

Like reference characters have been used throughout the several views toindicate corresponding parts.

In accordance with the preferred embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, thelamp consists in the main of a burner tube 1, carrying a mantle 2 at itslower end and having a mixing chamber 3 at its upper end. The air underpressure is delivered into themixing chamber through a passage at, andthe gas through a passage 5, the two passages preferably being arrangedon converging lines, as shown, so as to discharge jets of air and gasinto the central portion of the mixing chamber, where such jets unite ina single stream and flow to the burner. The passages for the air and gasare preferably vformed in a head G which may be attached direct to themixing chamber, as shown, and for the purpose of adjusting the relativeflow of air and gas, means such as the needle valve 7 may be placed ineach of these passages. A funnel-shaped nozzle or spout S may be placedin the mixing chamber to assist in the mixing of the air and gas and todirect the mixture centrally into the burner tube. The mixing chamber isprefen ably provided with openings 9 in the sides or in the top thereof,(or in both the sides and top, as shown) to admit if necessary a certainamount of free air to the burner tube, substantially in the nature of aBunsen burner. For the purpose of adjusting this .supply of free air tothe mixing chamber,

shutters 10 and 11 may be provided to regulate the extent of theopenings in the top and sides of the mixing chamber respectively. lVhenoperating normally as a high pressure burner, the shutter 11 is closedand the shutter 10 is adjusted to admit more or less free air. The gasis fed through a pipe 12 and the air is fed through a pipe 13, whichpipes may be connected direct to the head, substantially as illustrated.

In the operation of that form of the inventlon shown in Figs. 1 and 2,wherein the air is the fluid which is fed under high pres sure and thegas is simply fed under the ordinarv service pressure, the passages areadjusted so as to pass just the required amount of air and gas toproduce a proper mixture. In practice the proportion of air and gas isusuallyabout equal. The injector action of the air under high pressuremay draw in somewhat more gas than would ordinarily flow through the gaspassage, but the passages are adjusted to take care of this. Now if, forany reason, the high pressure flow should cease, as for instance onaccount of failure of any kind in the compression system, it will beevident that the proper mixture will no longer be formed, for there willhe insufficient air to mix with the gas. Imperfect combustion willtherefore result, and if no other means were provided, the lamp would berendered useless. To permit of the lamp being operated even when thehigh pressure system is "out of commission, we provide means forenabling a proper mixture of the air and gas in the right proportions atlow pressure. Means for accomplishing this purpose is preferably in theform of an independent passage 14 for the gas whichis preferably sodisposed between the two converging passages as to discharge centrallyinto the mixing chamber. A jet of gas entering through this centralpassage, even though at low pressure, will serve to draw in sufficientair through the openings in themixing chamber to produce a propermixture. The relative sizes of the independent passage 14S and the airinlet openings in the mixing chamber will be proportioned to properlyaccomplish this result. For the purpose of controlling the use of thisindependent gas passage, we provide some means such as the valve 15,having an opening 16 therein, which, when brought into register with thepassage 14, will permit flow of the gas through such passage, and havinga cutaway portion 17 which, when the valve is in its normal position, asin Fig. 1, permits flow of gas from the gaspipe 12 through a shortconnecting passage 18 into the angularly disposed passage 5.

Ordinarily, when the lamp is in use with the high pressure system, thevalve 15 is turned, as indicated in Fig. 1, to direct the gas into theangularl passage 5. The streams of gas and air issuing from theconverging passages unite and mingle in the mixing chamber, passing ondown to the burner. In case of failure of any sort in the source of airsupply, the valve 15 is simply turned to bring the opening 16 thereininto register with the direct gas passage 14, then the gas under servicepressure will flow through the direct passage 14 into the mixingchamber, taking up with it the necessary amount of air through the freeair openings 9 in the mixing chamber and passing on to the burner. lVhenthe lamp is thus operating under low pressure, the shutters 10 and 11 onboth the top and the sides of the mixing chamber' will preferably beopened fully so as to admit the needed supply of air to the mixingchamber. The adjustment of,` these shutters when converting the lampfrom a high pressure to a low pressure burner, or

viding connections between the valve l and the shutters. Theseconnections may, as illustrated in Fig. 2, be in the form of an arm 19which extends down from the valve and is connected at its lower end tothe lugs 2O on the shutters.

The principle of using the lamp as either a high pressure or a lowpressure burner may be carried out in various other ways.

A by-pass 2l may be led oif from the gas pipe down into close proximitywith the mantle so as to act as a pilot for igniting the gas when theflow is turned on to the burner. The valve 22 may, if desired, beprovided for controlling the pilot.

To provide for more even combustion at the mantle and to cause thecombustion to take place at the surface of the mantle so as to gain thegreatest amount of light, we preferably locate a deflector 23 in themouth of the burner tubeV to dir-ect th-e gases against the inner wallsof the mantle. This deflector may be made in a number of forms. .it is,however, preferably made of solid metal, substantially conical in shape,with the pointed end thereof extending up into the burner tube and thelower end thereof supported concentrically within the mouth of the tubeto provide an annular passage-way 24 for the outflow of the gaseousmixture. The deflector may be supported in different ways. For instance,as shown in Fig. l, the pointed end 25 of the deflector may be carriedby a supporting ring 26, the body of the deflector being scr-ewed upinto the central portion of the ring, after the ring has been placed inposition. A convenient method of assembling these parts is to providethe lower end of the burner tube with a separable seetion27, betweenwhich and the main portion of the tube, the supporting ring is secured.The annular passage-way 24 for the issuing gas may be arranged onflaring lines, as illustrated in Fig. 3, so as to direct the gas moreclosely against the inner walls ofthe mantle. y 4

The lower or head end of the burner tube is preferably provided with anenlargement or heat-ing chamber 30 therein tov preliminarily heat themixture before it reaches the mantle. The walls of this heat-ing chambermay be thickened, as indicated at 31, so as to impart the more heat tothe mixture. The upper end of the deflector preferably extends up intothe enlargement or heating chamber, substantially as shown.

To prot-ect the mantle from drafts and to prevent chilling of the flameat the mantle, we preferably provide some means for warming thesurrounding air before it can come in'contact with the mantle. Thisresult we accomplish preferably by providing an inner globe 37 and anouter globe 38, and passing the current of air between these glob-esbefore it can come in contact with the mantle.

The means for directing the incoming cur rent of air may vary, but inthe present instance the same consists of a lamp casing 39 which may besupported by brackets or ra* dial supporting arms 40 from the burnertube, which casing has openings 4l in the same to permit the outside airto iiow into a chamber 42 within the casing, thence through openings 43between the globes, and through opening 44 in the inner globe, up intovcontact with the mantle. rThe lower wall of the chamber 42 may be andpreferably is in the form of an annular reflector 45, from which theinner globe may be suspended by suitable brackets or clamps 4G. Anannular space 47 is preferably provided between the inner edge of thereflector 45 and the mantle, to allow for the circulation of air aroundthe mantle. The upper wall of the annular chamber 42 may be provided byan inclined partition 48 which in ccmbination with the outwardly flaringflange 56 on the burner tube, furnishes an annular passage to direct therising current of air from the mantle upwardly and outwardly. There isalso preferably provided anouter annular reflector 49.

On account of their lightness, it is a rather difficult matter to forcegases downward to any considerable extent, and this difficulty naturallyincreases as the gases become heated. It is therefore desirable to keepthe downwardly flowing gases just as cool as possible until just withinreach of the mant-le. For this reason we preferably provide means forcooling the upper or inlet end of the burner tube. This means may simplybe in the form of an inverted conical-shaped deflector 50 surroundingthe burner tube, and which may be actually carried by said tube. Inaddition to this, however, we preferably provide a pair of spaced upperand lower flanges 51 and 52 respectively. The upper of these flanges maybe secured to the burner tube adjacent the mixing chamber by means of aclamping ring 53, and the lower flange may be supported in spacedrelation to the upper flange by means of securing screws 54. The inneredge of the lower flange is preferably spaced from the burner tube toprovide a concentric passage 55 between said inner edge and the tube.The action of these parts is as follows: The air above the deflector 50becomes somewhat warmed and flows upward through the annular passage 55between the burner tube and the inner edge of the lower flange, thencelaterally in the space between the two flanges. This creates acirculation of air in contact with the burner tube and hence tends tokeep the upper port-ion of the burner tube cool at all times.

A very simple and convenient method of assembling the various parts isto make the' burner head separate from the burner tube and to join thetwo parts together by a screw-threaded joint 56. This burner head mayalso be utilized as the means for securing the lamp casing upon theburner tube. For this purpose the burner tube may be provided with anannular shoulder or abutment 57 against which the sleeve or collarportion 5S surrounding the burner tube and which carries the radial arms40, may be clamped. The del'lector 50 may also be secured in positionupon the burner tube by being clamped against the annular abutment 57,substantially as shown.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 8, the conicaldeflector in the end of the burner tube is shown as occupying aconsiderable portion of the heating chamber so that it will in this wayprevent the gaseous mixture from expanding within the chamber and losingmometum. Several advantages are secured by making the delector of asubstantial size, for by doing so, more heat is imparted to the mixturesince it is caused to flow in a restricted space between two heatedsurfaces, a better and more intimate mixture is produced, and addedvelocity is given to the flow since the annular space is a constantlydecreasing one. Also in Fig. 3 the mixing chamber is made in a slightlydifferent form. Here the lower conical wall of the mixing chamber isformed by a single member, acollar 60, which is simply screwed on theupper end of the burner tube.

As previously set forth, the invention may also be adapted to a systemwherein the gas, instead of the air, is the fluid which is fed underhigh pressure. An exemplication of this is shown in Fig. 4. In this casethe gas is fed to the burner under high pressure (that is under pressuregreater than the ordinary service pressure), and the stream of gasentering the mixing chamber 61 through the passage 62 draws in, by itsinjector action, the necessary amount of air through the air inletopenings 63 in the walls of the mixing chamber. Now if the compressionplant should fail and it be necessary to resort to the use of gas atservice pressure, the valve 64 would, in the construction shown, beturned to direct the in- 'lowing current of gas under service pressurethrough an independent passage 65. The passage 62 for the gas under highpressure is necessarily made comparatively small, for otherwise it wouldpass too much gas. On acount of its comparatively small size, then, itwould not pass enough gas at the comparatively low service pressure, andthe passage 65 is made sufficiently large to pass suilicient gas atservice pressure. When the valve 64- is operated to turn on flow throughthe independent passage 65,

the passage 62 may still be left open, substantially as shown in thedrawings. Y When the device is operating as a low pressure lamp with thegas flowing through the passage 65 (and through the passage 62 if thevalve be arranged topermit flow through such passage at that time)v theair inlet openings 63 may or may not beadjusted to provide the properproportion of air, as found necessary. But ordinarily the free air inletopenings in the mixing chamber will be adjusted simultaneouslyV with thechanging from a high to a low pressure lamp for the purpose of providinga propel' mixture, in the manner of the rst form of the inventionwherein the air is the fluid under pressure. And the means of connectionbetween the valve mechanism and the air-controlling shutter or shuttersmay be the same as shown in the first two figures.

What is claimed, is:

l. In combination, a burner, converging gas and air passages :torconducting gas, and air under pressure to said burner, a direct gaspassage disposed between the converging passages, and means controllingflow through either of the gas passages.

2. In combination, a mixing chamber having air ports therein, a passagefor supplying air under pressure to the mixing chamber, a passageforsupplying gas to mingle with the jet of air under pressure, anindependent passage for supplying gas under service pressure to themixing chamber, and means for simultaneously directing the gas throughthe independent passage and opening up the air ports in the mixingchamber.

3. In combination, a mixing chamber having air ports therein, a passagefor supplying air under pressure to the mixing chamber, a passage forsupplying gas to mingle with the jet of air under pressure, anindependent passage for supplying gas under service pressure to themixing chamber, a valve for directing the gas through the independentpassage, and means operated by the movement of said valve tosimultaneously open the air ports in the mixing chamber. v

t. In combination, a Bunsen tube having air inlet openings therein, ashutter controlling the extent of said openings, passages for supplyinggas, and air under pressure to the Bunsen tube, an independent passagefor supplying gas to the Bunsen tube, a valve controlling saidindependent passage, and connections between said valve and the shutterfor causing simultaneous operation of said parts.

5. In a gas lamp, a mixing chamber having air ports therein, converginggas and air passages for conducting gas, and air under pressure to saidburner, a direct gas passage disposed between the converging passages,and means for simultaneously directing the gas through the direct gaspassage and opening up the air ports inthe mixing chamber.

6. In a combined high and low pressure gas lamp, the combination with aburner tube, of a mixing'chamber Communicating therewith, the saidmixing chamber having air ports therein, a shutt-er controlling said airports, a passage for supplying air under pressure to the mixing chamber,a passage for supplying gas to the mixing chamber to mix with the jet ofair under pressure, an additional gas passage located Vbetween the othertwo passages for supplying gas under service pressure to the mixingchamber, and means fo-r simultaneously directing the gas through t-headditional gas passage and operating the shutter controlling admissionof air to the mixing chamber.

7. In a combined high and low pressure as lam a burner tub-e a mixingchamberV t.. 7 7 b communicating therewith and provided with air portsin the top and sides thereof, a passage for supplying air under pressureto the mixing chamber, a passage for supplying gas to the mixing chamberto mix with the jet of air under pressure, an additional gas passagedisposed between the other two passages for supplying gasunder servicepressure to the mixing chamber, a shutter controlling the air ports intheside of the mixing chamber, normally in closed position when the lampis operating as a high pressure lamp, a shut-ter controlling the airports in the top of the mixing chamber, normally open more or less toadmit a percentage of free air when the lamp is operating as a hi'ghpressure lamp, and means for simultaneously directing the gas throughthe ad ditional gas passage and opening the air shutters to admit morefree air to the mixing chamber.

S. In a combined high and low pressure gas lamp, a burner tube, a mixingchamber communicating therewith provided with two free air inlets, aninjector funnel extending down into the mixing chamber and arranged sothat the air from one inlet will pass through the funnel and the airfrom the other inlet will pass through the mixing chamber` on theoutside of the funnel, a passage for directing air under pressure intothe funnel, a passage for directing gas into the funnel to mingle withVthe stream of air under pressure, means for closing the outer air inletin the mixing chamber when the lamp is operating as a high pressurelamp, an independent passage for directing gas under service pressureinto thesfunnel, and means for simultaneously directing gas through theindependent gas passage and opening up the outer air inlet in the mixingchamber.

9. In a combined high and low pressure gas lamp, a burner tube, a mixingchamber communicating therewith provided with air inlet ports in the topand sides thereof, an injector funnel extending down into the mixingchamber and separating the air inlets in the top of the mixing chamberfrom the air inlets inthe sides thereof, shutters controlling therespective air inlets, a passage for directing air under pressure intothe injector funnel, a passage for supplying gas Ainto the funnel tomingle with the stream of air under pressure, an independent passage forsupplying gas at service pressure to the funnel, and means forsimultaneously controlling the flow of gas to the independent gaspassage and operating the shutters controlling the air inlets.

10. In a combined high and low pressure gas lamp, a burner tube, amixing chamber communicating therewith provided with air inlet ports inthe top and sides thereof, an injector extending down into the mixingchamber and separating the air inlets in the top of the mixing chamberfrom the air inlets in the sides thereof, shutters controlling therespective air inlets, a passage for directing air under pressure intothe injector funnel, a passage for supplying gas into the funnel tomingle with the stream of air under pressure, an independent passage forsupplying gas at service pressure to the funnel, valve mechanismcontrolling flow of the gas to either the independent gas passage or thefirst-mentioned gas passage, and operative connection between saidAvalve mechanism and the shutters aforesaid.

11. In a combined high and low pressure gas lamp, a burner tube, amixing chamber communicating therewith provided with free air inlets, aninjector funnel extending down into the mixing chamber, a passage forsupplying air Vunder pressure to the mixing chamber, a passage forsupplying gas to mingle with the jet of air under pressure, anindependent passage for supplying' gas under service pressure to themixing chamber, and means for simultaneously directing the gas throughthe independent gas passage and opening up the air inlets in the mixingchamber.

12.' A combined high and low pressure gas lamp having fluid passagesdesigned for use respectively when the lamp is operating as a high orlow pressure lamp, a mixing chamber into which the passages discharge,said mixing chamber having free air inlets therein, and means forsimultaneously controlling flow 'through the respective passages andadmission of air through the free air inlets.

13. A combined high and low pressure gas lamp having fluid passagesdesigned for use respectively when the lamp is operating as a high orlow pressure lamp, a mixing chamber into which the passages discharge,said mixing chamber having free air inlets therein, a shuttercontrolling said free air inlets, valve mechanism controlling New Yorkand State of New York this 17th How through the high and low pressurepasclay of May A. D. 1911.

sages, and connections from said valve AMANDUS C. ROESSLER. mechanismfor operating the air-control- VILLIAM A. ARMINGTON. 5 ling shuttersimultaneously with the opera- Vitnesses: r tion of the valve mechanism.JEANNETVTE STORK,

Signed at New York city in the county of PHILIP S. MGLEAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

